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51.
基于微面有效应力矢量的各向异性屈服准则 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于微面模型,定义损伤变量为微面上有效承载面积的减少. 将Kachanov的一维有效
应力概念推广到三维,提出微面有效应力矢量的概念. 根据微面的有效应力矢量,将无损材
料的宏观应力张量及不变量与微面应力矢量的积分关系拓展到有损材料,得到了有损材料的
宏观有效应力张量及其不变量与宏观名义应力张量、微面面积损伤组构张量之间的关系. 将
无损材料的以应力张量不变量表示的Drucker-Prager准则推广到有损材料,建立了含缺陷
材料的各向异性屈服准则. 对有损材料,宏观有效应力张量与Murakami的有效应力张量具
有相同的形式,各向异性强度准则与Liu等提出的扩展Hill准则有相同的形式,当不考虑
静水应力对屈服的影响时,它与Hill准则具有相同的形式. 相似文献
52.
In order to overcome the deficiency in classical method of low order spectral model, a new method for low order spectral model was advanced. Through calculating the multiple correlation coefficients between combinations of different functions and the recorded data under the least square criterion, the truncated functions which can mostly reflect the studied physical phenomenon were objectively distilled from these data. The new method overcomes the deficiency of artificially selecting the truncated functions in the classical low order spectral model. The new method being applied to study the inter-annual variation of summer atmospheric circulation over Northern Hemisphere, the truncated functions were obtained with the atmospheric circulation data of June 1994 and June 1998. The mechanisms for the two-summer atmospheric circulation variations over Northern Hemisphere were obtained with two-layer quasi-geostrophic baroclinic equation. 相似文献
53.
圆环在均布扭力矩作用下的变形特殊且容易发生跳跃,不考虑稳定性而得到的一些结论将可能不存在。本文利用最小势能原理导出圆截面圆环在均布扭力矩作用下的平衡路径,并根据系统稳定性的能量判据,对圆环的平衡稳定性、变形与运动过程进行分析,最后得到稳定平衡状态下圆环横截面上的内力最大值。 相似文献
54.
Ahmet N. Eraslan 《European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids》2003,22(6):274-874
Analytical solutions for the stress distribution in rotating parabolic solid disks are obtained. The analysis is based on Tresca's yield criterion, its associated flow rule and linear strain hardening. It is shown that, the deformation behavior of the convex parabolic disk is similar to that of the uniform thickness disk, but in the case of concave parabolic solid disk, it is different. In the latter, the plastic core consists of three different plastic regions with different mathematical forms of the yield criteria. Accordingly, three different stages of elastic–plastic deformation occur. All these stages of elastic–plastic deformation are studied in detail. It is also shown mathematically that in the limiting case the parabolic disk solution reduces to the solution of rotating uniform thickness solid disk. 相似文献
55.
射弹倾斜撞击带盖板炸药引发爆轰的条件 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
用二级轻气炮发射圆柱形、球形钢射弹以不同的角度撞击带不同厚度钢盖板的 TNT/RDX(40/60)炸药,得到了不同条件下引发炸药爆轰的阈值射弹速度。可以用vd~ (1/2)=(1 +k)[A+Bh/(dcos)]描述临界引爆条件。对于带钢盖板的TNT/RDX(40/60)炸药,A= 3.33.B=5.34;圆柱形平头射弹撞击,k/75,球形射弹撞击,k0.5+0.2(1/cos-1)。由 此,本研究将Jacobs 引爆判据推广到了斜碰撞条件。 相似文献
56.
Severe slugging can occur in a pipeline-riser system operating at low liquid and gas rates. The flow of gas into the riser can be blocked by liquid accumulation at the base of the riser. This can cause formation of liquid slugs of a length equal to or longer than the height of the riser. A cyclic process results in which a period of no liquid production into the separator occurs, followed by a period of very high liquid production. This study is an experimental and theoretical investigation of two methods for eliminating this undesirable phenomenon, using choking and gas lift. Choking was found to effectively eliminate or reduce the severity of the slugging. However, the system pressure might increase to some extent. Gas lift can also eliminate severe slugging. While choking reduces the velocities in the riser, gas lift increases the velocities, approaching annular flow. It was found that a relatively large amount of gas was needed before gas injection would completely stabilize the flow through the riser. However, gas injection reduces the slug length and cycle time, causing a more continuous production and a lower system pressure. Theoretical models for the elimination of severe slugging by gas lift and choking have been developed. The models enable the prediction of the flow behavior in the riser. One model is capable of predicting the unstable flow conditions for severe slugging based on a static force balance. The second method is a simplified transient model based on the assumption of a quasi-equilibrium force balance. This model can be used to estimate the characteristics of the flow, such as slug length and cycle time. The models were tested against new severe slugging data acquired in this study. An excellent agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical models was found. 相似文献
57.
58.
广义双剪应力准则角隅模型 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文将广义双剪应力准则变换为π平面和静水应力轴的柱坐标方程,然后将其角隅光滑化,得到了新的光滑、外凸的广义双剪应力准则角隅模型,研究结果表明,近年来作为光滑化Mohr-Coulomb理论提出的各种角隅模型,实际上并不是光滑化的Mohr-Coulomb理论,而是光滑化的广义双剪应力理论。 相似文献
59.
Zusammenfassung Der Torsionsversuch eignet sich zur Untersuchung des plastischen Verhaltens von Metallen bei erhöhten Temperaturen, wenn die Fließspannung stark von der Umformgeschwindigkeit abhängt. Aus der gemessenen Drehmoment-Drehwinkel-Kurve wird die Fließkurvek
f
() berechnet. Hierfür wird ein Fließkriterium benötigt, dessen Unsicherheit im allgemeinen größer ist als alle Meßfehler. Diese Unsicherheit geht aber nicht in die berechnete Dehngeschwindigkeitsempfindlichkeit ein, die somit als Hauptergebnis des Versuches anzusehen ist.Um die Bedingungen technischer Warmumformung zu simulieren, wird die Verwendung extrem kurzer Proben (flacher Scheiben) empfohlen, womit sehr hohe Umformgeschwindigkeiten erreicht werden können. Für die Auswertung derartiger Versuche ist die wirksame Länge der kurzen Proben — experimentell oder semiempirisch — zu bestimmen und die Kerbwirkung zu berücksichtigen. Im Gegensatz zur herkömmlichen Vorgehensweise wird empfohlen, die örtliche Spannung und Verzerrung nicht für die Mantelfläche der Probe zu berechnen, sondern für einen kritischen Radialabstand im Innern der Probe, für den die Schiebung von der Kerbwirkung unabhängig ist, so daß sich die zuverlässigsten Werte ergeben.
Summary The torsion test is often used for studying the plastic deformation of metals at elevated temperatures when stress depends strongly on the strain rate. From the measured torque-twisting angle curve, the stress-strain curvek f () has to be calculated. For this purpose a yield criterion has to be used the uncertaintly of which normally exceeds all experimental errors. This uncertaintly, however, does not propagate into the calculated strain rate sensitivity which therefore may be considered as the main result of the torsion test.For simulating the conditions of technical hot forming processes, the use of extremely short test pieces (flat discs) by which very high strain rates can be obtained is recommended. For evaluating the test data the efficient lenght of short specimens has to be determined. In opposition to the conventional procedure of test evaluation, it is recommended not to calculate stress and strain for the surface of the specimen but for a critical radius for which strain is independent of the notch effect so that the most reliable values are obtained.
Mit 5 Abbildungen 相似文献
60.
E. V. Vtorushin 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2007,48(5):737-742
A homogeneous two-dimensional body with a crack of variable length is considered. At the crack edges, conditions are formulated
in the form of inequalities that describe mutual nonpenetration of the edges. The derivative of the elastic-energy functional
with respect to the length of the curvilinear crack is analyzed. It is shown that the derivative is independent of the crack
path, provided that the curve along which the crack propagates is reasonably smooth.
__________
Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 5, pp. 138–145, September–October, 2007. 相似文献